The CCA rating is determined by the size and construction of the battery, as well as the materials used in the electrodes and electrolyte. Larger batteries with more plates and thicker electrodes will generally have a higher CCA rating, as will batteries that use advanced materials such as lead-calcium alloys or carbon foam.
It is important to note that the CCA rating is just one of several factors to consider when choosing a car battery. Other factors include the battery's size, shape, terminal configuration, and reserve capacity. By considering all of these factors, you can choose a battery that meets the specific needs of your vehicle.